• MA.5.FR.2 Fractions

    Perform operations with fractions. 

     

    MA.5.FR.2.3

    When multiplying a given number by a fraction less than 1 or a fraction greater than 1, predict and explain the relative size of the product to the given number without calculating.

    Benchmark Clarifications:
    Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on the connection to decimals, estimation and assessing the reasonableness of an answer. 

    Purpose and Instructional Strategies
    The purpose of this benchmark is for students to examine how numbers change when multiplying by fractions (MTR.2.1). Students already had experience with this idea when they multiplied a fraction by a whole number in Grade 4 (MA.4.FR.2.4). Work from this benchmark will help prepare students to multiply and divide fractions and decimals with procedural fluency in Grade 6 (MA.6.NSO.2.2).

     It is important for students to have experiences examining:
    o when multiplying by a fraction greater than 1, the number increases;
    o when multiplying by a fraction equal to 1, the number stays the same; and
    o when multiplying by a fraction less the 1, the number decreases.

     Throughout instruction, encourage students to use models or drawings to assist them with a visual of the relative size. Models to consider when multiplying fractions to assist with finding relative size without calculating include, but are not limited to, area models (rectangles), linear models (fraction strips/bars and number lines) and set models (counters). Include examples with equivalent fractions and decimals (K.12.MTR.2.1).

     Have students explain how they used the model or drawing to arrive at the solution and justify reasonableness of their answers (K12.MTR.4.1).

    Common Misconceptions or Errors

     Students may believe that multiplication always results in a larger number. This is why it is imperative to include models during instruction when multiplying fractions so students can see and experience the results and begin to make generalizations that are based on their understanding. Ultimately, allowing students to begin to understand that multiplying by a fraction less than one will result in a lesser product, but when multiplying by a fraction greater than one will result in a greater product.

    Instructional Tasks
    Instructional Task 1
    Derrick is playing a computer game where he must multiply a number by a factor that increases the number’s size each time. Select all of the factors that he could multiply by to continue to increase the size of his number? Explain your thinking.
    a. 3/4
    b. 4/3
    c. 1 1/9
    d. 1.01
    e. 5/2
    f.  8/9
    g. 99/100
    h. 2/2

    Instructional Items
    Instructional Item 1
    Which of the following expressions will have a product greater than 4?
    a. 4 × 8/8
    b. 3/4 × 4
    c. 4 × 99/100
    d. 101/100 × 4

    Instructional Item 2
    Fill in the blank. The product of the expression 63/65× 20 will be _____________ 20.
    a. less than
    b. equal to
    c. greater than
    d. half of

     

     
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